Racial And Ethnic Differences
The share of unvaccinated non-Hispanic White adults was not different from the share who were vaccinated. The same was true for Hispanic adults.
But non-Hispanic Black adults were slightly more represented among the unvaccinated than the vaccinated , a small but statistically significant difference.
There were notable differences for the Asian population, however: 6% of the vaccinated were non-Hispanic Asian but only 1% of the unvaccinated were non-Hispanic Asian.
Should Pregnant And Breastfeeding Women Be Vaccinated
Given the adverse consequences of COVID-19 disease during pregnancy and the increasing data supporting a favorable safety profile of BNT162b2 in pregnancy, WHO recommends the use of BNT162b2 in pregnant individuals. WHO does not recommend pregnancy testingprior to vaccination. WHO does not recommend delaying pregnancy or terminating pregnancy because of vaccination.
Vaccine effectiveness is expected to be similar in breastfeeding women as in other adults. WHO recommends the use of the vaccine in breastfeeding women as in other adults. WHO does not recommend discontinuing breastfeeding because of vaccination.
The Body’s Natural Response
A pathogen is a bacterium, virus, parasite or fungus that can cause disease within the body. Each pathogen is made up of several subparts, usually unique to that specific pathogen and the disease it causes. The subpart of a pathogen that causes theformation of antibodies is called an antigen. The antibodies produced in response to the pathogens antigen are an important part of the immune system. You can consider antibodies as the soldiers in your bodys defense system. Eachantibody, or soldier, in our system is trained to recognize one specific antigen. We have thousands of different antibodies in our bodies. When the human body is exposed to an antigen for the first time, it takes time for the immune system torespond and produce antibodies specific to that antigen.
In the meantime, the person is susceptible to becoming ill.
This means that if the person is exposed to the dangerous pathogen in the future, their immune system will be able to respond immediately, protecting against disease.
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Household Pulse Survey Shows Many Dont Trust Covid Vaccine Worry About Side Effects
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that as of December 14, roughly 85% of adults ages 18 and over in the United States had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine but 15% remained unvaccinated.
Who are the unvaccinated and why are they choosing not to get a COVID vaccine?
About 42% reported that they dont trust the COVID-19 vaccine.
According to the U.S. Census Bureaus newest phase of the experimental Household Pulse Survey , those who were unvaccinated against COVID in early December 2021, reported a variety of reasons why.
“Vaccinated” here refers to adults who have received at least one dose of any COVID vaccine, and “unvaccinated” refers to adults who have not received any.
Unvaccinated adults who responded to the survey could select more than one reason:
- About half reported that they were concerned about possible side effects of the vaccine.
- About 42% reported that they dont trust the COVID-19 vaccine.
- Less than 10% reported that they hadnt gotten the vaccine because their doctor had not recommended it.
- About 2% reported not getting the vaccine because of difficulty obtaining it.
What Are The Monkeypox Vaccines Who Has Immunity From The Smallpox Vaccine
The US has two vaccines in its national stockpile that work against monkeypox. Jynneos is currently being given out to people before an exposure, as well as after an exposure, as it’s a newer vaccine that’s safe for most people.
Jynneos is a new-generation vaccine approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2019 for monkeypox and smallpox. It’s a two-dose vaccine, with each shot given four weeks apart. It uses a weakened virus and is approved for adults 18 and older who are at high risk of getting monkeypox or smallpox.
Jynneos is the vaccine that is being shipped out and currently being used in the US monkeypox response. Because of limited supply, it’s likely you’ll only be able to book an appointment for the first dose for the time being. In New York City, for example, health officials say you’ll be contacted if you received a first dose about the second dose in the coming weeks.
ACAM2000 is a second-generation smallpox vaccine that also works against monkeypox. According to the CDC, ACAM2000 is a derivative of Dryvax, which helped eradicate smallpox. If necessary, the US Department of Health and Human Services said it’s also prepared to ship out the ACAM2000 vaccine, which is in greater supply than Jynneos but remains a second choice in the monkeypox response because it has a side effect profile that isn’t safe for certain people.
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What Is Intradermal Vaccination
Intradermal vaccination is when the vaccine goes under a more shallow layer of skin, typically on the inner side of the forearm. This should produce a “noticeable pale elevation of the skin,” according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Jynneos should still be given in two doses, four weeks apart, with the new method.
Most vaccines we get these days go either into the muscle in our arm or into the fatty tissue under our skin , like Jynneos has been given so far. Subcutaneous injection of Jynneos is the only authorized method of vaccination for people younger than 18, per the FDA.
Intradermal vaccination for monkeypox requires less vaccine to spur an immune response, health officials say. When the FDA authorized the new vaccine method, the agency referenced a study published in 2015 that found that a smallpox vaccine given intradermally gave a similar immune response in people compared to the vaccine given subcutaneously.
It isn’t clear at this point how many cities or vaccination sites will adopt, or have already adopted, the new method of vaccination. It’ll likely require a little additional training on the health care provider’s part.
What Is The Recommended Dosage
A protective effect starts to develop 12 days after the first dose, but full protection requires two doses which WHO recommends be administered with a 21 to 28-day interval. It is currently recommended that the same product should be used for both doses,when possible.
SAGE recommends that severe and moderately immunocompromised persons, including children, should be offered an additional dose of vaccine, as part of the primary series. This is due to the fact that this group is less likely to respond adequately to vaccinationfollowing a standard primary vaccination series and are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease.
Studies have shown a high public health impact where the interval has been longer than that recommended by the EUL. Accordingly, countries facing a high incidence of COVID-19 combined with severe vaccine supply constraints could consider delaying thesecond dose up to 12 weeks in order to achieve a higher first dose coverage in high priority populations.
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Billion Doses Have Been Administered Globally And 66 Million Are Now Administered Each Day Only 207% Of People In Low
Our vaccination dataset uses the most recent official numbers from governments and health ministries worldwide. Population estimates for per-capita metrics are based on the United Nations World Population Prospects. Income groups are based on the World Bank classification. A full list of our country-specific sources is available at the bottom of this page, and we also answer frequently-asked questions there.
Open the Data Explorer in a new tab. Select a group of countries at once: all European countries, 30 largest countries European Union Americas OECD.
The Our World in Data COVID vaccination data
To bring this pandemic to an end, a large share of the world needs to be immune to the virus. The safest way to achieve this is with a vaccine. Vaccines are a technology that humanity has often relied on in the past to bring down the death toll of infectious diseases.
Within less than 12 months after the beginning of the pandemic, several research teams rose to the challenge and developed vaccines that protect from SARS-CoV-2.
Now the challenge is to make these vaccines available to people around the world. It will be key that people in all countries not just in rich countries receive the required protection. To track this effort we at Our World in Data are building the international vaccination dataset that we make available on this page. It is updated each morning, with the most recent official numbers up to the previous day.
If You Got A Shot As A Kid You’re Likely Protected For Decades
Immunity from the four-dose series likely lasts decades, according to Dr. Paul Offit, an attending physician at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the hospital’s director of the Vaccine Education Center.
Offit cited studies done by Jonas Salk, the inventor of the polio vaccine, that showed an inactived polio virus vaccine can induce an “anamnestic response,” or the body will remember the invading virus and produce the right antibodies to ward it off.
The CDC states the length of time someone who received the polio vaccine has immunity is unknown, but they are most likely protected for “years.”
The CDC said adults who completed a four-dose polio vaccination series as children as “at a higher risk” for polio exposure and can get a booster shot. There is no harm in getting an additional polio vaccine jab, said Varma, who himself recently received a booster.
“It’s hard to know exactly how many New Yorkers have polio and carry this virus and might be able to transmit it to other people,” Varma said. “So if you are not up-to-date, I would rush to make sure you get vaccinated, particularly if you have a young child.”
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Vaccinations In Young People
The proportion of parents of primary school pupils who were unlikely to vaccinate their child increased
In March 2022, 6.1% of primary school pupils parents, in England, said their child had been vaccinated. Around 6 in 10 parents of unvaccinated primary school children said they were very likely or fairly likely to agree to their child having a COVID-19 vaccine if it was offered to them. Just over one-third were “fairly unlikely” or “very unlikely” to agree to their child having a COVID-19 vaccine. This increased significantly from 23.7% in November to December 2021.
The most common reasons for being unlikely to vaccinate their child were that they do not think their child needs a vaccine and they were waiting to see how well it works for children aged 5 to 11 years .
A quarter of unvaccinated secondary school pupils said they were likely to get a COVID-19 vaccine if it was offered to them
In March 2022, the majority of secondary school pupils, in England, said they had been vaccinated. Just over one-quarter of unvaccinated secondary school pupils said they were very likely or fairly likely to get a COVID-19 vaccine if it was offered to them. Almost three-quarters were fairly unlikely or unlikely to be vaccinated, with the most common reasons being they do not think they need a COVID-19 vaccine , being worried about side effects and wanting to wait and see how the vaccine works .
Proof Of Vaccination Indoors In New York
One day after he said he would not reinstate mask mandates, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio announced indoor patrons of New York Citys restaurants, gyms and performances, will be required to show proof of at least one dose of vaccine.
Workers at indoor venues will also be required to provide proof of vaccination. According to the New York Times, the program will start Aug 16 and will be enforced beginning Sep 13, the same day public schools in the city reopen.
New York is the first major city to announce vaccination requirements.
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Who Is Eligible For A Vaccine
Everyone 6 months and older is now eligible for a coronavirus vaccine, after the Food and Drug Administration authorized the use of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines for those under 5 in June.
Four coronavirus vaccines are in use across the country, including the two-dose mRNA vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna, the two-dose protein-based vaccine from Novavax and the Johnson & Johnson one-dose vaccine. Although Johnson & Johnson is still available for use, regulators have suggested that people should opt for one of the mRNA vaccines because of concerns about a rare but serious blood clotting condition among those who received the companys shot.
The vaccine rollout began in December 2020, with a focus on some of the most vulnerable populations, including health care workers, residents of long-term care facilities and people 65 and older. Although eligibility for these groups initially varied by state and county, every state had made all adults eligible for the shots by April 2021, according to a Times survey.
In May 2021, the F.D.A. extended its emergency use authorization for the Pfizer vaccine to children 12 and older.
% Of Us Adults Have Taken At Least One Dose Of Covid
A syringe is filled with a dose of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine at a pop-up community vaccination center at the Gateway World Christian Center in Valley Stream, New York, U.S., February 23, 2021. REUTERS/Brendan McDermid
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75% of adults in the United States have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine as of Tuesday morning, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said.
The agency said 193,798,688 of adults have had at least one shot, while 165,947,460 people, or 64.3% of the adult population, are fully vaccinated.
The United States has administered 375,995,378 doses of COVID-19 vaccines in the country as of Tuesday morning, and distributed 450,122,155 doses.
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Those figures are up from the 374,488,924 vaccine doses the CDC said had gone into arms by Sept. 4.
The CDC tally includes two-dose vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech , as well as Johnson & Johnson’s one-shot vaccine.
More than 1.4 million people received an additional dose of either Pfizer or Moderna’s vaccine since Aug. 13, when the U.S. authorized a third dose of the vaccines for people with compromised immune systems who are likely to have weaker protection from the two-dose regimens.
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The Taliban Wants Women In Afghanistan To Wear A Niqab That Isn’t Really Happening
A polio case identified in New York last month is “just the very, very tip of the iceberg” and an indication there “must be several hundred cases in the community circulating,” a senior official with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention told CNN on Wednesday.
Who Are The Hard
Most of the HPS response options are either about information or trust .
However, one involves access: It’s hard for me to get a COVID-19 vaccine.
Who are the people in the small subset of adults who responded to the HPS who reported that they had not gotten a vaccine because it was hard to get?
Compared to all HPS respondents, the hard-to-reach:
- Were more likely to be non-White.
- Were less likely to be married .
- Had lower levels of education, on average, and were more economically disadvantaged about half of this hard-to-reach population reported difficulty meeting expenses in the week prior to the survey.
- Were much more likely to report a disability. The HPS asks about difficulty seeing, hearing, remembering or walking or climbing stairs. Those who reported being unvaccinated because they had no access to the vaccine were almost twice as likely to report either complete impairment or a lot of difficulty with one or more of these measures than the general population.
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Vaccination Rollout Across The United States
The United States is racing to vaccinate a population of 328 million. But local health officials are progressing at vastly different rates. Hover your cursor over each jurisdiction to explore how many doses have been administered, how many people have received vaccines, and what percentage of the population has been fully vaccinated. Click on states to view their full profiles.
Map: How Many People Have Been Vaccinated In Each State
States prioritized at-risk populations to be vaccinated first, including medical staff, people in nursing homes or other long-term care facilities, essential workers, the elderly and people with medical conditions that put them at greater risk of becoming seriously ill with COVID-19.
Any person age 6 months and older in the U.S. is now eligible to receive a COVID-19 vaccine.
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Vaccinations In The Us Military
On August 9, 2021, all servicemembers received a memo explaining that, under a plan endorsed by President Biden and by military leadership, COVID-19 vaccination would become mandatory within about a month. About a third of active U.S. military service members had already been vaccinated as of late April and about two-thirds had already been vaccinated by the time the memo was sent.
The U.S. Navy had been the fastest to begin vaccination in early 2021. As of April 22, 2021, considering active military personnel who had received at least one dose, the U.S. Navy had the highest percentage at 51%, the at 36%, the Air Force/Space Force at 34%, and the Army at 27%. By late May 2021, at least 58% of active military personnel had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine.
As of April 9, 2021, 39% of U.S. Marines to whom the military offered the vaccine had refused it. The highest rate of refusal was at Camp Lejeune in North Carolina, where 57% of Marines had refused the vaccine.
On August 23, 2021, the Pfizer-BioTech vaccine got its full FDA approval, prompting vaccinations to be required for all active duty, reserve, and National Guard troops starting August 25. By the time the vaccination requirement order was sent out, only 68% of active-duty troops were fully vaccinated.