How Old For Hpv Vaccine

Does The Hpv Vaccine Have Side Effects Or Other Cons

Probably the most important con for the HPV vaccine is potential side effects. That said, side effects arent common.

Most people receive the HPV vaccine without having any serious side effects. Mild to moderate side effects occur more often but are still uncommon. Mild to moderate side effects can include:

• pain or swelling at the injection site
• slight fever

of HPV vaccination demonstrated that the vaccine is as safe as any other vaccination.

These studies also support that people who receive this vaccine are not at a when compared to receiving any other vaccine, whether immediately after vaccination or in the long-term future.

The HPV vaccine and may improve fertility in some women whove been exposed to STIs.

One other con of the HPV vaccines is that theyre limited in what they do:

• The vaccines dont prevent all HPV-related cancers, only some. Therefore, its vital that women still get a routine Pap test to check for any signs of cervical cancer.
• The vaccines dont protect against other sexually transmitted infections or treat existing HPV-related illnesses or infections. Youll still need to use condoms or other barrier methods during sex to help prevent contracting or transmitting STIs.

Whos most at risk of getting HPV if theyre not vaccinated? There are several factors that can put you at increased risk for contracting HPV if youre not vaccinated. These include having:

Fortunately, many of these risk factors can be controlled.

Age Range For Two Doses

A two-dose regimen is recommended for people ages 9 to 14. The first dose must be initiated before a person turns 15 to fall under the two-dose schedule.

Research shows that children in the 9-14 age range who receive two doses of the vaccine at least six months apart have equal or greater protection than people over the age of 15 who receive three doses.

How Well Do These Vaccines Work

HPV vaccination works extremely well. HPV vaccine has the potential to prevent more than 90% of HPV-attributable cancers.

• Since HPV vaccination was first recommended in 2006, infections with HPV types that cause most HPV cancers and genital warts have dropped 88% among teen girls and 81% among young adult women.
• Fewer teens and young adults are getting genital warts.
• HPV vaccination has also reduced the number of cases of precancers of the cervix in young women.
• The protection provided by HPV vaccines lasts a long time. People who received HPV vaccines were followed for at least about 12 years, and their protection against HPV has remained high with no evidence of decreasing over time.

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Are There Other Ways To Prevent Cervical Cancer

Regular cervical cancer screening and follow-up can prevent most cases of cervical cancer. The Pap test can detect cell changes in the cervix before they turn into cancer. The HPV test looks for the virus that can cause these cell changes. Screening can detect most, but not all, cervical cancers at an early, treatable stage. Most women diagnosed with cervical cancer in the U.S. have either never been screened, or have not been screened in the last 5 years.

When Should My Child Get The Shot

11-12 Years

• Two doses of the HPV shot are needed, 6-12 months apart.
• If the shots are given less than 5 months apart, a 3rd dose is needed.

If started after 15th birthday

• Three doses of the HPV shot should be given over 6 months.
• If your teen hasnt gotten the vaccine yet, talk to his/her doctor about getting it as soon as possible.

Your child can get the first dose of the HPV vaccine at the same visit they get vaccines to protect against meningitis and whooping cough.

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Does The Hpv Vaccine Work

Yes. The HPV vaccine was originally studied in about 30,000 girls and young women between 9 and 26 years of age. Studies determined that the vaccine prevented 9 of 10 HPV infections and was completely effective at preventing persistent infections and Pap smear changes that predict cervical cancer. Subsequent studies showed that HPV vaccine prevented HPV infection, anal and genital warts, and anal cancer in men.

In Australia, where a school-based immunization program was implemented, they have seen dramatic reductions in pre-cancerous cervical changes in young women as well as genital warts in both young men and young women.

Who Should Get The Vaccine

Gardasil® and Gardasil®9

Gardasil® and Gardasil®9 are approved for use in females aged 9-45 and males aged 9-26.

These vaccines require 3 doses to be given over the course of 6 months . For healthy, immunocompetent, non-HIV infected individuals 9 to less than 15 years age, two doses of the vaccine at least 6 months apart may be given.

• Recommendations for use, which come from the National Advisory Committee on Immunization , were initially released in February 2007, and updated in January 2012, 2015, 2016, and 2017 as new evidence emerged. NACI recommends Gardasil® and Gardasil®9 in females and males 9 to less than 27 years of age, including women who have had previous Pap test abnormalities, cervical cancer or individuals who have previously had genital warts. NACI also recommends that these vaccines may be administered to individuals 27 years of age and older at ongoing risk of exposure to HPV. HPV is a sexually transmitted infection, and ideally, the vaccine should be administered before sexual debut in order to ensure maximum benefit.

For more details on the NACI Statement, see “Update on Human Papillomavirus Vaccines”.

Cervarix®

Cervarix® is approved for use in females aged 9 to 45. At this time Cervarix® has not been approved for use in males in Canada.

The vaccine requires 3 doses to be given over the course of 6 months . For healthy, immunocompetent, non-HIV infected females 9 to less than 15 years age, two doses of the vaccine at least 6 months apart may be given.

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How Can You Avoid Getting Hpv

Sometimes people can be infected with HPV and not know it. So HPV can be difficult to avoid. The best way to avoid genital infection with HPV is abstinence. You can also decrease your chance of getting HPV by having sex with only one other person who isn’t infected with HPV. While condoms may also decrease the chance of getting HPV, they do not always work to prevent the spread of the infection. Because other than abstinence, none of these measures can completely protect someone from becoming infected or prevent the spread of this infection, the development of a vaccine was an important tool for preventing future generations from experiencing the devastation caused by HPV.

Who Should Get The Hpv Vaccine

All people ages 9 to 45 can get the HPV vaccine to protect against genital warts and/or different types of HPV that can cause cancer. Its recommended that children get the vaccine at age 11 or 12, so theyre fully protected years before they become sexually active.

But regardless of your age, talk with your nurse or doctor to find out if the HPV vaccine could benefit you.

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How Is The Hpv Vaccine Made

The HPV vaccine is made using a protein that resides on the surface of the virus. The protein is grown in the lab in yeast cells. Once the protein is grown, it assembles itself to look like the HPV virus however, importantly, it does not contain HPV genetic material, so it cant reproduce itself or cause illness. The vaccine is composed of the surface protein from nine different types of HPV.

Help Paying For Hpv Vaccine

The Vaccines for Children program helps families of eligible children who might not otherwise have access to vaccines. The program provides vaccines at no cost to children ages 18 years and younger who are uninsured, Medicaid-eligible, or American Indian/Alaska Native. To learn more, seeVFC program.

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How Do Hpv Vaccines Work

Like other immunizations that guard against viral infection, HPV vaccines stimulate the body to produce antibodies that, in future encounters with HPV, bind to the virus and prevent it from infecting cells.

The current HPV vaccines are based on virus-like particles that are formed by HPV surface components. VLPs are not infectious because they lack the viruss DNA. However, they closely resemble the natural virus, and antibodies against the VLPs also have activity against the natural virus. The VLPs have been found to be strongly immunogenic, which means that they induce high levels of antibody production by the body. This makes the vaccines highly effective.

The vaccines do not prevent other sexually transmitted diseases, nor do they treat existing HPV infections or HPV-caused disease.

What Are The Benefits Of The Hpv Vaccines

In women who have never been infected with HPV, the vaccines prevent almost 100% of cases of cervical cancer caused by the HPV types covered by the vaccines.

The HPV9 vaccine also prevents about:

• 78% of cases of anal cancers in men caused by the two main types of HPV
• 90% to 100% of cases of genital warts in men and women caused by 2 other types of HPV

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Who Should Get Hpv Vaccine

HPV vaccination is recommended at ages 1112 years. HPV vaccines can be given starting at age 9 years. All preteens need HPV vaccination, so they are protected from HPV infections that can cause cancer later in life.

• Teens and young adults through age 26 years who didnt start or finish the HPV vaccine series also need HPV vaccination.

CDC recommends that 11- to 12-year-olds receive two doses of HPV vaccine 6 to 12 months apart.

• The first dose is routinely recommended at ages 1112 years old. The vaccination can be started at age 9 years.
• Only two doses are needed if the first dose was given before 15th birthday.

Teens and young adults who start the series later, at ages 15 through 26 years, need three doses of HPV vaccine.

• Children aged 9 through 14 years who have received two doses of HPV vaccine less than 5 months apart will need a third dose.
• Three doses are also recommended for people aged 9 through 26 years who have weakened immune systems.

Vaccination is not recommended for everyone older than age 26 years.

• Some adults age 27 through 45 years who are not already vaccinated may decide to get HPV vaccine after speaking with their doctor about their risk for new HPV infections and the possible benefits of vaccination for them.
• HPV vaccination in this age range provides less benefit, because more people in this age range have already been exposed to HPV.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: Canadian Immunization Guide

For health professionals

Last complete chapter revision: May 2017

New recommendation: HPV9 vaccine may be administered to immunocompetent males and females 9 to 14 years of age according to a 2-dose or 3-dose immunization schedule. The second dose of HPV9 vaccine in a 2-dose schedule should not be administered earlier than 24 weeks following the first dose. Immunocompromised individuals should continue to receive a 3-dose immunization schedule, as previously recommended.

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What Do The Vaccines Protect Against

Gardasil® provides protection against four HPV types: two that cause approximately 70 per cent of all cervical cancers and two that cause approximately 90 per cent of all anogenital warts in males and females . Gardasil®9 prevents up to an additional 14% of anogenital cancers caused by the additional five HPV types included in the vaccine.

Cervarix® provides protection against the two HPV types that cause approximately 70 per cent of all cervical cancers .

The HPV vaccines will not have an impact on an existing infection or any of the outcomes of an existing HPV infection, such as anogenital warts. The vaccines are preventative against infection with the virus types for which they are indicated. There is currently no vaccine that will give protection against all HPV types.

Hpv Vaccination For Men Who Have Sex With Men

Men who have sex with men have not benefited in the same way from the longstanding girls’ programme, so may be left unprotected against HPV.

Since April 2018, MSM up to and including 45 years of age have been eligible for free HPV vaccination on the NHS when they visit sexual health clinics and HIV clinics in England.

Ask the doctor or nurse at the clinic for more details.

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The Universal Hpv Vaccination Programme

In England, all boys and girls aged 12 to 13 years are routinely offered the 1st HPV vaccination when they’re in Year 8 at school. The 2nd dose is offered 6 to 24 months after the 1st dose.

If you’re eligible and miss the HPV vaccine offered in Year 8 at school, it’s available for free on the NHS up until your 25th birthday for:

• girls born after 1 September 1991
• boys born after 1 September 2006

Contact your school immunisation team or GP surgery.

The vaccine is effective at stopping people getting the high-risk types of HPV that cause cancer, including most cervical cancers and some anal, genital, mouth and throat cancers.

It’s important to have both doses to be properly protected.

How Much Does Hpv Vaccination Cost And Will Insurance Pay For It

Most private insurance plans cover HPV vaccination. The federal Affordable Care Act requires most private insurance plans to cover recommended preventive services with no copay or deductible.

Medicaid covers HPV vaccination in accordance with ACIP recommendations, and immunizations are a mandatory service under Medicaid for eligible individuals under age 21. In addition, the federal Vaccines for Children Program provides immunization services for children younger than 19 years who are Medicaid eligible, uninsured, underinsured, or Native American or Alaska Native.

Merck, the manufacturer of Gardasil 9, offers the Merck Vaccine Patient Assistance Program, which provides Gardasil 9 for free to people aged 19 to 45 years who live in the United States, do not have health insurance, and have an annual household income less than a certain amount.

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Hpv Vaccine Schedule And Dosing

About 85% of people will get an HPV infection in their lifetime. Vaccinating all 1112-year-olds can protect them long before they are ever exposed.

CDC recommends two doses of HPV vaccine for all adolescents at age 11 or 12 years.

• A 2-dose schedule is recommended for people who get the first dose before their 15th birthday. In a 2-dose series, the second dose should be given 612 months after the first dose .
• The minimum interval is 5 months between the first and second dose. If the second dose is administered after a shorter interval, a third dose should be administered a minimum of 5 months after the first dose and a minimum of 12 weeks after the second dose.
• If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, vaccine doses do not need to be repeated .
• Immunogenicity studies have shown that two doses of HPV vaccine given to 914-year-olds at least 6 months apart provided as good or better protection than three doses given to older adolescents or young adults.

A 3-dose schedule is recommended for people who get the first dose on or after their 15th birthday, and for people with certain immunocompromising conditions.

Why Do Women Over 45 Have Difficulty Getting Vaccinated With Hpv Vaccine

Sometimes, women over 45 have difficulty getting HPV vaccination with Gardasil-9 because insurance coverage is only available up to the recommended age of 45. Time constraints and the six-month vaccination schedule are additional barriers that prevent older women from getting Gardasil-9. Although it is an out-of-pocket expense, it may be worthwhile for women over 45 to get vaccinated against HPV, which is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States and around the world.

HPV vaccination protects against genital warts and cancers of the cervix, vagina, and vulva in women. Protection is most effective in women who have not been sexually active, who have had few sexual partners or never been infected with HPV. Evidence suggests that HPV vaccination may also be partially effective for women who have been previously infected with HPV. Talk to the experienced physicians at New York Urology Specialists to find out how you can benefit from the Gardasil-9 HPV vaccine regardless of age and sexual history. You can schedule an appointment online or contact us by phone or email.

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Who Should Not Get An Hpv Vaccine Or Who Should Wait

Pregnant women should not get any HPV vaccine at this time, even though they appear to be safe for both mother and the unborn baby. If a woman who is pregnant does get an HPV vaccine, its not a reason to consider ending the pregnancy. Women who started a vaccine series before they learned they were pregnant should complete the series after the pregnancy.

Make sure the health care provider knows about any severe allergies. The following should not get an HPV vaccine:

• Those with a severe allergy to yeast should not receive Gardasil or Gardasil 9.
• Anyone who has ever had a life-threatening allergic reaction to anything else contained in the vaccines
• Anyone who has had a serious reaction to an earlier dose of HPV vaccine

The Hpv Vaccine: Why Parents Really Choose To Refuse

Study results suggest safety concerns top the list, and that physicians need to step up their patient education and vaccine recommendations

Researchers explain the reasons for why parents chose not to get their child vaccinated with the HPV vaccineCredit: Johns Hopkins Medicine

human papillomavirus

The findings, published in the November issue of the Journal of Adolescent Health, could help public health officials and professional societies develop new interventions to increase rates of HPV vaccination.

The HPV vaccine has already shown promise in helping to stem long-rising rates of cancers transmitted by the virus, including an estimated 31,500 cases in the United States annually of cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, oropharynx and anus. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the vaccinebeginning at age 9in 2006 for females and in 2009 for males. But it wasnt recommended for use in males until 2011 by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, the group of medical experts that gives guidance on vaccines for the public. Worldwide studies have shown the vaccine to be virtually 100 percent effective and very safe, with the FDA concluding that the vast majority of side effects are minor, and that benefits continue to outweigh adverse events.

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