How You Get It
Measles virus is highly contagious. It is spread through the air by infected droplets or by direct contact with secretions from the nose or throat of infected persons, for example by touching contaminated items or surfaces. It can survive for up to 2 hours in the air. A person with measles is most contagious from when symptoms start until three to four days after the rash appears.
Anyone who has not received at least one dose of a measles-containing vaccine or who has not already had the disease is at risk of catching measles.
Who Should Not Get The Mmr Vaccine
Since the MMR vaccine is a live vaccine, it can cause mild measles, mumps or rubella infections. It should not be given if you:
- are pregnant
- have a severe weakness of the immune system
- have had a severe allergic response to this vaccine or part of this vaccine before
- have had another live vaccine within the past 4 weeks.
Why Do Adults Need The Mmr Vaccine
The three diseases covered by the MMR vaccine — measles, mumps, and rubella — are highly contagious. Viruses cause all three of these illnesses, and they spread through the air. They can pass from person to person through coughing, sneezing, or just breathing.
Measles. This disease causes a fever, runny nose, and rash. It attacks the throat and lungs. Vaccinations have helped stop the spread of the disease in the U.S., but there are still cases reported. While immunization rates are on the rise around the world, the World Health Organization estimates there were 207,500 measles deaths in 2019. Measles outbreaks often happen in countries without strong childhood immunization programs. But outbreaks have also happened in Europe, South Africa, and the Philippines.
Mumps. This disease causes fever, fatigue, head and muscle aches, and swelling of the salivary glands. In men, it can cause the testicles to become inflamed. Mumps can lead to a loss of hearing, infection of the covering around the brain and spinal cord, and other serious problems. Mumps outbreaks do still happen in the U.S., but rarely.
Rubella . This disease can cause a fever and rash. It’s especially dangerous if a pregnant mother has it. Rubella can lead to serious birth defects, including heart problems, deafness, liver and spleen damage, and intellectual disability. If a woman has rubella while pregnant, there’s at least a 20% chance their baby will have problems.
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When Older Children And Adults Should Have The Mmr Vaccine
Anyone who has not had 2 doses of the MMR vaccine should ask their GP surgery for a vaccination appointment.
It’s important to check you’ve had both doses if you:
- are about to start college or university
- are going to travel abroad
- are planning a pregnancy
- are a frontline health or social care worker
- were born between 1970 and 1979, as you may have only been vaccinated against measles
- were born between 1980 and 1990, as you may not be protected against mumps
When Should Adults Get The Mmr Vaccine

The CDC says most adults born in 1957 or later should get at least one dose of the MMR vaccine. Because of the risk of birth defects, all women of childbearing age should have the MMR vaccine unless they’re pregnant or have proof of immunity, or proof of already being vaccinated for rubella.
The CDC says adults at greater risk of measles or mumps should get two doses of MMR vaccine, the second one 4 weeks after the first. This includes adults who:
- Have been exposed to measles or mumps or live in an area where an outbreak has happened
- Are students in colleges or trade schools
- Travel internationally
- Work in health care
For measles, the CDC advises a second dose for adults who:
- Were previously given a vaccine made with “killed” measles
- Were given an MMR vaccine between 1963 and 1967, but there’s no record of what type.
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How Well Does The Mmr Vaccine Work
MMR vaccine is very effective at protecting people against measles, mumps, and rubella, and preventing the complications caused by these diseases. People who receive MMR vaccination according to the U.S. vaccination schedule are usually considered protected for life against measles and rubella. While MMR provides effective protection against mumps for most people, immunity against mumps may decrease over time and some people may no longer be protected against mumps later in life. An additional dose may be needed if you are at risk because of a mumps outbreak.
One dose of MMR vaccine is 93% effective against measles, 78% effective against mumps, and 97% effective against rubella.
Two doses of MMR vaccine are 97% effective against measles and 88% effective against mumps.
MMR is an attenuated live virus vaccine. This means that after injection, the viruses cause a harmless infection in the vaccinated person with very few, if any, symptoms before they are eliminated from the body. The persons immune system fights the infection caused by these weakened viruses, and immunity develops.
Paying For The Measles Vaccine
If you have insurance
Most health insurance plans cover the cost of vaccines. But you may want to check with your health insurance provider before your visit. How to Pay for Vaccines
If you dont have insurance or your insurance does not cover vaccines for your child
If you have a child and dont have insurance or if your insurance does not cover vaccines for your child, the Vaccines for Children Program may be able to help. This program helps families of eligible children who might not otherwise have access to vaccines. To find out if your child is eligible, visit the VFC website or ask your childs healthcare provider. You can also contact your state VFC coordinator.
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Vaccine Manufacturers Patient Assistance Programs
Some pharmaceutical companies that make adult vaccines provide financial aid to uninsured adults who cant afford vaccines. Eligibility for financial aid varies by company but is almost always income-based. Additionally, for some pharmaceutical companies, a healthcare providers office or clinic will be needed to help you submit the financial aid application.
While using a pharmaceutical companys financial aid program, use the brand name of the vaccine rather than the generic or common name to make your web searches easier.
Who Should Not Have The Mmr Vaccine
Adults who should not have the MMR vaccine include people in these groups:
Pregnancy. Pregnant women should not get the MMR vaccine due to risks to the baby. Women who get the MMR vaccine should wait 4 weeks before getting pregnant.
Life-threatening allergic reactions. Adults who have had a life-threatening allergic reaction to gelatin, a previous MMR vaccine, or a medication called neomycin should not get the vaccine.
Medical conditions. Adults should talk with their doctor if they:
- Have HIV
- Have any other immune system disorder
- Have cancer or are being given cancer drugs or X-rays
- Are taking steroids or other drugs that affect the immune system
- Have had a low platelet count
- Have had a blood transfusion or took blood products
- Have a moderate or severe illness
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How Effective Is The Mmr Vaccine
After a single dose of MMR vaccine, 9095 out of 100 people will be protected from measles, 6981 protected from mumps and 9097 from rubella. After a second dose of MMR vaccine the number of people protected from these diseases increases, and almost everyone will be protected from measles and rubella, and up to 88% protected from mumps.
Side Effects Of Mmr And Mmrv Vaccines
The combined MMR and MMRV vaccines are effective and safe, but all medications can have unwanted side effects.
Common side effects following immunisation are usually mild and temporary . Specific treatment is not usually required.
Side effects from MMR and MMRV vaccines that can occur seven to 10 days after vaccination include:
- fever , lasting two to three days
- faint red rash
- head cold, runny nose, cough or puffy eyes
- drowsiness or tiredness
- localised pain, redness and swelling at the injection site.
The MMRV vaccine can cause a mild chickenpox-like rash five to 26 days after vaccination.
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Actions For This Page
- Immunisation is the best protection against measles, mumps, rubella and chickenpox.
- The National Immunisation Program provides immunisations against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella .
- Immunisation against measles, mumps, rubella and chickenpox can be provided with the MMRV combination vaccine.
- Immunisation against measles, mumps and rubella can be provided with the MMR combination vaccine.
- Immunisation against chickenpox can be provided with a chickenpox only vaccine.
- Common immunisation side effects are usually mild and temporary and do not require specific treatment.
Travel Health Clinic Information

The Saskatchewan Health Authority has 12 travel health locations in communities throughout the province. These clinics offer individual risk assessment and consultation, counselling and vaccinations to protect your health during trips outside Canada. These clinics meet the standards of the Public Health Agency of Canada for the Practice of Travel Medicine.
At the SHA Travel Health Centres, registered nurses with specialized training can vaccinate all ages, including children under the age of five a great option for families planning a trip. Assessment for malaria and altitude illness with prescriptions for recommended medications is available at some of the Travel Health Centres. Some sites have travel health products available for purchase.
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Should Older Children Who Have Missed One Or Both Doses Of The Mmr Vaccine Still Have The Vaccine
Yes. A total of 2 doses of the MMR vaccine are recommended for all children and adults born after 1968. When 2 doses of MMR are required, they can be given a minimum of 4 weeks apart. Just 1 dose of MMR gives you a 95% chance of being protected against measles. The reason for a second dose is to make sure the 5% who need this second vaccine get immunity.
- Children vaccinated overseas: Children who have received a measles only or measles/rubella vaccine overseas still need MMR vaccination. Two doses of the MMR vaccine given from 12 months of age are recommended irrespective of previous measles or measles/rubella only vaccination.
- Children who have had measles: These children still need to receive the MMR vaccine. Two doses of MMR vaccine are recommended to protect the child from mumps and rubella.
What Are Measles Mumps And Rubella
Measles, mumps and rubella are highly infectious diseases that can leave children suffering serious medical complications. However, the high number of people getting the MMR vaccine in Scotland means there’s been a big reduction in the number of people catching these diseases.
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Managing Fever After Immunisation
The following treatment options can reduce the effects of fever after immunisation:
- Give extra fluids to drink and do not overdress children if they have a fever.
- Although routine use of paracetamol after vaccination is not recommended, if fever is present, paracetamol can be given check the label for the correct dose or speak with your pharmacist, .
Immunise To Protect Your Whaanau Against Measles
Get the measles vaccine to protect your whaanau, your community and future generations.
Are you aged 15-30 years?
Measles is a serious disease that can make you very sick. Not everyone aged 15 to 30 years was immunised as a child. But its easy and free to get immunised now.
Become a Guardian of the Future by getting immunised against measles. Not only will you be protecting yourself against a disease thats about 8 times more contagious than COVID-19, youll also be protecting your whaanau, your community, and future generations from harm.
Protect the people you care about. Immunise to help stop the spread of measles. Its FREE at family doctors or at a participating pharmacy. Not sure if youre immunised against measles? Its okay to get immunised again.
Find out more: ProtectAgainstMeasles.org.nz
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What Are The Risks Of The Mmr Vaccine
The area where the vaccine was given may be red, tender, or swollen. You may get a fever, mild rash, or swollen glands in your cheeks or neck. Your joints may be painful and inflamed. You may have an allergic reaction to the vaccine. The MMR vaccine may cause a low platelet count, which may lead to internal bleeding. This can be life-threatening.
What Are The Benefits Of A Combined Vaccine
The combined MMR vaccine means your child is protected from measles, mumps and rubella as quickly and safely as possible.
To immunise against each of the 3 diseases separately would mean 6 injections over a longer period of time. The result would be:
- more risk of catching a disease
- more risk of missing a dose completely
- more risk of pain where the injections are given
- more distress for your child
MMR has been responsible for a huge reduction in measles, mumps and rubella in children since it was introduced in the UK in 1988.
Single vaccines against measles, mumps and rubella aren’t available in the UK immunisation programme.
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What Are The Childcare And School Requirements For Mmr Vaccine
All 50 states and the District of Columbia have state laws that require children entering childcare or public schools to have certain vaccinations. There is no federal law that requires this.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that all states require children entering childcare, and students starting school, college, and other postsecondary educational institutions to be up to date on MMR vaccination:
- 1 dose is recommended for preschool-aged children 12 months or older
- 2 doses are recommended for school-aged children in kindergarten through grade 12 as well as students attending colleges or other post-high school educational institutions
For more information, see State Vaccination Requirements.
What Are The Side Effects Of Measles Mumps And Rubella Vaccine

Like all medicines, vaccines can cause side effects, although not everyone gets them. Most side effects are mild and short lived. The chance of a severe reaction from MMR is very small, but the risks from not being vaccinated are very serious.
Because the MMR vaccine combines 3 separate vaccines in 1 injection, each vaccine can cause reactions at different times after the injection.
- About a 610 days after the MMR injection, some children get a very mild form of measles. This includes a rash, high temperature, loss of appetite and a general feeling of being unwell for about 2 or 3 days.
- Around 14 weeks after having the MMR injection, 1 in 50 children develop a mild form of mumps. This includes swelling of the glands in the cheek, neck or under the jaw. It lasts for a day or two.
- Around 1214 days after the injection, the rubella vaccine may cause a brief rash and possibility a slightly raised temperature. On rare occasions, a rash may also occur up to 6 weeks later. Rarely, at around 13 weeks, some adults experience painful, stiff or swollen joints, which can last for around 3 days.
There’s less chance of side effects after the second dose of MMR than the first.
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Mmr Vaccine And Autism
This article is part of a series on |
Claims of a link between the MMR vaccine and autism have been extensively investigated and found to be false. The link was first suggested in the early 1990s and came to public notice largely as a result of the 1998 Lancet MMR autism fraud, characterised as “perhaps the most damaging medical hoax of the last 100 years”. The fraudulent research paper authored by Andrew Wakefield and published in The Lancet claimed to link the vaccine to colitis and autism spectrum disorders. The paper was retracted in 2010 but is still cited by anti-vaccinationists.
The claims in the paper were widely reported, leading to a sharp drop in vaccination rates in the UK and Ireland. Promotion of the claimed link, which continues in anti-vaccination propaganda despite being refuted, has led to an increase in the incidence of measles and mumps, resulting in deaths and serious permanent injuries. Following the initial claims in 1998, multiple large epidemiological studies were undertaken. Reviews of the evidence by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Institute of Medicine of the US National Academy of Sciences, the UK National Health Service, and the Cochrane Library all found no link between the MMR vaccine and autism. Physicians, medical journals, and editors have described Wakefield’s actions as fraudulent and tied them to epidemics and deaths.
Youll Have To Comparison Shop
It’s not always the case that the lowest price for adult vaccines can be found in public or community health clinics. Invest half an hour of time calling vaccination centers in your area to get price quotes.
Before you call, know which vaccines you need so that you can ask for a price quote on each of those vaccines. You can look up which vaccines are recommended for adults on the Center for Disease Controls adult immunization schedules page.
When comparison shopping vaccination prices, be sure to ask if there are any extra charges to expect in addition to the cost of the vaccine, such as a fee for the office visit.
Some vaccination centers charge an all-inclusive price for each vaccination. Others have a charge for the vaccine itself, a charge for administering the vaccine , an additional charge for the office or clinic visit. These additional charges sometimes cost more than the vaccine.
Some vaccines require a prescription, some dont. Which vaccines require a prescription varies from state to state. For vaccines that require a prescription, you may get the prescription from your primary care physician or other healthcare provider.
Here are some other resources for low-cost adult vaccinations:
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